Hypogymnia arcuata and H. sachalinensis are described as new species of lichenized fungi from east Asia (Russia, China, and Japan). Closely related to H. fragillima, H. arcuata is separated from that species by the less frequently confluent holes in the lower surface, more broadly divergent branching, and the presence of 2′-o-methylphysodic and 3-hydroxyphysodic acids by TLC. Formerly confused with the North American endemic H. duplicata, H. arcuata lacks the long, cascading lobes and physodalic and protocetraric acids of H. duplicata. Hypogymnia sachalinensis has long been confused with the North American endemic H. enteromorpha under the name H. enteromorpha var. inactiva. Hypogymnia sachalinensis is smaller than H. enteromorpha, with appressed to imbricate, narrower lobes. Hypogymnia enteromorpha is unknown from Asia.